HD Maps vs Mapless AV — Why Tesla and Waymo Made Opposite Bets on Geography
HD maps vs mapless AV: how one architectural choice separates Waymo and Tesla on geographic scale, cost, and defensibility.
Tags · #architecture
Tesla FSD End-to-End Architecture — Inside v12's Neural Net and What Changed from Rules to Learning
Tesla FSD v12 replaced 300,000 lines of rules-based C++ with a single end-to-end neural network trained on billions of supervised driving miles.
Waymo Driver Software Architecture — Inside the Five-Layer Stack Powering the World's Largest Driverless Fleet
Waymo's modular six-layer stack — perception, world modeling, prediction, planning, control — is the technical foundation behind its safety record.